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M00. YOUNG.

COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Sept. 6, 187.

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(No Modvel.) MCG. YOUNG.v l GOMPOUED STEAM ENGINE.

No. 369,674. Patented Sept. 6, 1887.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.

COMPOUND STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,674, dated September 6, 1887.

Application iled May 20,1886. Serial No. 202,784. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, McGLINrocK YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Frederick, in the county of Frederick, State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compound Steam-Engines, of which the following is aspeciiication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in compound steam-engines in which the small and the larger cylinder are in line; and the objects of my improvements are to produce a simple, inexpensive, efficient, and economical engine. To render it simple and inexpensive it is composed of as few parts as possible, and to render Lt economical and prevent condensation it is peculiarly constructed and provided with a removable cover or casing of peculiar construction, as hereinafter described in connection with the drawings, in which# Figure lv is a horizontal section through the axis of the cylinders and valves of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention and having the casing removed. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same with the casing in s ection. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the engine on line fr xof Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section ofthe engine on line y y of Fig. 2.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The frame A, with the lower boxes, A', for the crankshaft B, the two steam-cylinders A2 .and A3, and the valve-chamber A4, with its steam-ports, are preferably cast in one piece. The cylinders A A, being in line, and the valve-chamber parallel thereto, can all be bored after being once placed on a boring-machine. Neither the cylinders nor the valve-chamber requiring heads,a considerable saving is made, besides rendering the pistons and valve quite accessible when necessary'. The piston C of the large cylinder A3 being of hollow trunk form of great length, guides for the end of the connecting-.rod C are not necessary; but one end of said connecting-rod is pivoted upon a pin, C2, retained by a small screw, c, and passing through hollow bosses projecting inward of the piston C, while the opposite end receives the crank-pin of the crank-shaft, said pin being made integral with the latter; and to properly balance the crank and the two pistons and connecting-rod said crank is provided with weights B', secured to said cranks by straps B2, riveted thereto. The bore of the valve-chamber Atis of uniform size throughout its length, and within it is placed the piston-valve D. This valve is provided with packing-rings d, and also with packing-rings d', the latter being t'o cnt off communication between the steam-passage E, leading from the boiler through the iianged elbow-pipe E', and the exhaust-passage F, leading to the iianged elbow-pipe F', or between the steampassage e, leading steam into the small cylinder A2, andthe passagef, leading to the large cylinder. The piston-valve is also provided with packing di, adjoining Veach end, compressed by packing-rings d3 and nuts d4, engaging with the screw-threaded ends of the valve,

`to assist the rings d in preventing escape of` steam. To the end of the valve D is secured, by a pin, di, a link, D2, which is made to t the bore of the valve-chamber, and is provided with lugs to receive the pin d, that also passes through the boss on the end of the eccentricrod G; and if the pin d5 projects on the sides the walls of the valve-chamber may be slotted a short distance for its passage and for the free motion of the valve. The eccentric-rod carries the eccentric-strap inclosing the eccentric B3. that is set upon the shaft about one-sixteenth of a circumference in advance of right angle with the crank.

Within the small cylinder A2 is placed the piston h, provided with packing-rings h and a stuffing-box ring, h2, that is compressed by a washer and nut, h3, upon the outer end of the piston-rod h4, and the opposite end of saidA piston-rod is secured to one end of the piston C of the expansion cylinder A3, the rod 7L* passing through a stufiing boX a2, formed within a cap, a3, that closes the opening between the two cylinders, and is retained by screws engaging with the bottoni of the large cylinder.

The piston Gis provided with packing-rings and a stuffing-box, H, around its outer end,to assist the rings in rendering the parts steamtight. Bolts c are used in place of straps upon the outer end of the connecting-rod C', to take IOO , communication isopened up the wear on the boxes and hold the caps in their places.

To retain the heat of the engine and prevent dust settling on the working parts, the Whole engine is surrounded by acasing, the sides I of which are preferably made of wood hinged at z' to the frame of the engine, and retained at the opposite end by a hook, i2, so that it can be instantly removed to examine the engine and as quickly closed; but the top of this casing is closed by some pliable material, i3, as enameled cloth. The object of this flexible covering is to permit the quantity of air retained thereunder to vary. As the cylinders are open at their ends and are of unequal size, the area of the large cylinder being about four times that of the small one, there will be a. slightsuction when the large piston is drawn in, and an excess of air in the casing when it is driven outward, and thus to retain the same air Within the casing while said casing is nearly air-tight some flexibility of these parts is required.

The steam is admitted through the elbowpipe E', and thence through the passage and ports E into the valve-chamber, and when the small piston li is at the end of its stroke adjacent to the stuffing-box, steam is admitted by the movement of the valve in the rear of said piston through the passage or ports e. When this small piston has nearly completed its outward course, the steam is shut off, and then, just before the completion of its stroke, by the valve between the small steam-cylinder A2 and the eXpansion-cylinder A3, through the ports e and the portsf, and forces the large piston C to the endvof its stroke toward the crank-shaft, at the same time carrying the small piston h to the inner end of its course. Shortly before the completion of the stroke of the large piston C the Valve closes the communication between the two cylinders,and the exhaust-ports F are opened and put in communication with the portsf, so thata large portion of the steam in the expansion-cylinder escapes before the piston has reached the end'of its course. The above operation is repeated for each revolution of the crank-shaft.

Having now fully described my invention, I claiml. In a compound engine, the combination ofa small and a large cylinder located on the same line and having the outer ends of each open, and in the large cylinder a hollow trunkform piston carrying the piston -rod of the smallpiston,withalongitudinally-slidingvalve interposed between the steam-inlet and the small cylinder, and also between the large or expansion cylinder and the steam-outlet, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a compound engine, the combination of a small and a large cylinder located on the same line, and in the large cylinder a hollow piston having secured at one end the pistonrod ol`- the small cylinder,witl1 a valve-chamber open at both ends and a cylindrical longitudinally-sliding valve therein, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In a compound engine, the combination of a small and a large cylinder located on the same line and open at both ends,with a valvechamber parallel to said cylinders, and also open atboth ends, and a valve therein adapted to open and close the ports of both cylinders, substantially as described.

4. In a compound engine, the combination of a small and a largecylinder located on the same line and open at both ends, with the piston therein and the stuffing-boxes secured to the Outer ends ofsaid piston and moving therewith, substantially as and'for the purpose described.

5. The combination of a small and a large cylinder located on the same line,with a valvechamber open at both ends, with a valve and stufling-boxes secured to the outer ends of said valve, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The combination of a small and a large cylinder located on the same line and open at their outer ends and a hollow piston carrying the piston-rod of the small cylinderat one end, With a Valve-chamber open at both ends, a cylindrical longitudinally-sliding valve therein, and the engine frame having shaft-boxes formed integral therewith, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination of a compound engineframe and a large and a small cylinder with a casing and flexible covering, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination of an engine-frame and unequal-size cylinders located on the same line, and both cylinders having steam-ports to admit steam only on one side of the piston,with

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a cylindrical longitudinally-sliding Valve and the hollow trunk-form piston having internal bosses and a transverse pin and the pistonrod of the small piston securedxto one end of 11o the hollow piston, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MCCLINTOCK YOUNG.

Witnesses:

Z. I. GrrTINGER, P. R. McCLURG. 

